"The main objective of the construction of the space station is to enable our country to become an independent control of the long-term manned flight technology in the near-Earth space and to have long-term near-Earth space personnel to participate in scientific experiments and comprehensive utilization of space resource capacity." Zhou Jianping said, "The construction of the space station in China will follow the principles of national conditions and national development strategic objectives, use the advanced technology of the present day, attach importance to the application benefit, pursue the operation economy, the scale is moderate, the design scale of the first fixed space station is 100 tons,3 people can be carried, and the expansion space shall be reserved."
The International Space Station project, which is built, operated and used by 16 countries, is the largest ever-ever, time-consuming and state-of-the-art space international cooperation project. Since the construction of the construction site in 1998, the construction task completed in 2010 is transferred to the full-use stage through the construction of more than ten years. At present, the International Space Station is operated primarily by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA), the Russian National Space Group (Roseomos), the European Space Agency (ESA), the Japan Aerospace Research and Development Agency (JAXA) and the Canadian Space Agency (CSA). Without China, It is the determination of China to build the space station itself.
（Picture Source:Sogou）
Zhou Jianping, chief designer of China's manned space engineering and academician of the Chinese Academy of Engineering, said at the fourth Chinese people's Engineering Summit Forum in 2019 that China will complete the construction and operation of the space station around 2022. The space station will be 100 tons in the near future and can carry three people. So far, the United States has an international space station, which was co-built by 16 countries and is scheduled to retire in 2024. So China will be the only country in the world with an independent space station! China is getting closer and closer to becoming a superpower!
China launched the Tiangong 1 target aircraft on September 29, 2011. Tiangong 1 will rendezvous and dock with the subsequent Shenzhou 8, Shenzhou 9 and Shenzhou 10 spacecraft, thus enabling China to master the rendezvous and docking technology and laying the foundation for the construction of China's space station.
The concept of space station dates back to 1869, when Everett Hale wrote an article about the Brick Moon for the Atlantic. Since then, Constantin Tsiolkovsky and Herman Obert have also envisioned the space station. Herman Poto's 1929 book, The Problem of Space Travel, was published and became popular for more than 30 years. Salute 1, the first space station in human history, was successfully launched in 1971. But unfortunately, three astronauts During the return of the Soyuz spacecraft on board Gun 1 in 1971, the return capsule lost pressure due to the abnormal opening of the balance valve on the return capsule, resulting in the death of all three astronauts. The United States followed in 1973 with the launch of the Sky Labs space station, which carried a series of telescopes on which scientists did many scientific experiments on medicine, geology and astronomy. In 1986, the Soviet Union launched the core cabin of the Mir space station and, in the next 10 years, continued to transport new modules in space, and in 1996 a peace space station, consisting of six modules, was built, The space station served in 2001. The first module of the International Space Station was launched in November 1998, and the modules subsequently launched were gradually expanded.
The space station is characterized by its large size, complex structure, long flight time in orbit, multiple functions and a wide range of space research projects. One of the characteristics of the space station is economy. For example, all space stations do not have the function of returning to the ground, but instead host astronauts in space for experiments, which can make manned spacecraft a tool for transporting only astronauts, thus simplifying the structure of the station, reducing both its engineering design difficulties and space costs. In addition, the station may or may not be manned during operation. Results. The invention can shorten the space time of the astronauts, reduce a lot of consumption, and can repair and change the space in space when the space station fails, and prolong the service life of the spacecraft. And the service life can be increased, and the space cost can be reduced. Because the space station can fly for a long time, the continuity and in-depth of space scientific research are ensured, which has an important role in deepening the research and improving the quality of scientific research.
It is reported that the space station will become the main platform for space science research in China in the future, and its scientific and technological objectives are as follows: first, to master the construction and operation technology of large space facilities, to reach or approach the level of the International Space Station, and to make use of contemporary technological achievements to give full play to the advantages of latecomer to achieve transcendence. The second is to master the life and health security technology of astronauts who often fly in orbit. In the construction and application of space station, human is the core factor. Only so that astronauts can live healthily, can they work efficiently. The third is to build a national space laboratory to provide a high level of scientific research platform for scientists, with a view to achieving it in science. In a number of areas to achieve the goal of major breakthroughs.
